Let's learn how to use the V/A + (으)ㄴ/는 데다가 Korean Grammar with some simple and easy-to-understand example sentences.
V/A + (으)ㄴ/는 데다가- “on top of that,” “in addition to,” “besides”
USE:
- Used to add one more reason or situation on top of an existing one
- Means “on top of that,” “in addition to,” “besides”
- The second clause gives extra information that strengthens the first
- Often used when multiple reasons lead to the same result
- Very common in explanations, complaints, and logical descriptions
English meaning:
“Not only A, but also B” / “A, and on top of that, B”
CONJUGATION:
Verb / Adjective + (으)ㄴ/는 데다가
Present tense verb → -는 데다가
비가 오다 → 비가 오는 데다가
Past tense verb → -(으)ㄴ 데다가
눈이 오다 → 눈이 왔던 → 온 데다가
Adjective → -(으)ㄴ 데다가
덥다 → 더운 데다가
이다 → 인 데다가
학생이다 → 학생인 데다가
EXAMPLE SENTENCES:
- 오늘은 날씨가 추운 데다가 바람도 많이 불어요.
→ Today it’s cold, and on top of that, it’s very windy. - 일이 많은 데다가 마감도 촉박해요.
→ There’s a lot of work, and on top of that, the deadline is tight. - 그는 경험이 많은 데다가 책임감도 강해요.
→ He has a lot of experience, and in addition, he’s very responsible. - 비가 오는 데다가 길까지 막혀서 늦었어요.
→ It was raining, and on top of that, the roads were congested, so I was late. - 이 식당은 음식이 맛있는 데다가 가격도 저렴해요.
→ This restaurant has delicious food, and on top of that, it’s affordable.
Additional Notes
- The added information reinforces the situation
- Both clauses usually lead to the same conclusion
- Neutral or negative contexts are very common
- Not used to show contrast (use -지만, -는데도 instead)
- Similar expressions:
- 게다가 (more casual, adverbial)
- 뿐만 아니라 (more formal)
